
3 RUNNING A SIMULATION OF KCSA 41
Pumping out water. The keep water out.tcl Tcl script auto-
matically applies forces to water molecules entering the membrane
hydrophobic region. The script makes use of the NAMD Tcl Forces
module. We encourage you to look at the script, use it, and modify
it to suit your needs. A detailed description of the script can be
found in the “User-Defined Forces in NAMD” tutorial. Note how
we modify it to exclude water molecules present in KcsA cavities.
Before performing the s imulation, we need to generate a file for the harmonic
constraints on the protein.
8 Open VMD and type in the Tk Console:
mol new ../02-MEMBRANE/kcsa popcwi.psf
mol addfile ../02-MEMBRANE/kcsa popcwi.pdb
set all [atomselect top "all"]
$all set beta 0
set prot [atomselect top "protein"]
$prot set beta 1
$all writepdb kcsa popcwi.cnst
exit
Here we used the coordinates stored in kcsa popcwi.pdb because in the
previous run all protein atoms were fixed. Otherwise, we would have used
the restart file kcsa popcwimineq-01.restart.coor instead.
The commands you typed above created a file, kcsa popcwi.cnst, that con-
tains zeros in the B eta field of all atoms except those that belong to the protein,
which contain a 1. The latter value corresponds to the spring constant “k”
of the applied harmonic constraint in kcal/mol/
˚
A
2
. Note that you can easily
estimate how much atoms will move around their constrained position by using
the equipartition theorem and a given spring constant:
kx
2
2
∼
k
B
T
2
⇒ ∆x ∼
r
k
B
T
k
(1)
9 Run your simulation using NAMD2. Usual NAMD installations will ac-
cept the command line
namd2 kcsa popcwimineq-02.conf > kcsa popcwimineq-02.log
in a terminal window.
3.3 Equilibration with Protein Released
After minimization and equilibration with the protein constrained, we hopefully
have a system in which lipids are well packed around the protein, while water
has not entered forbidden regions (Fig. 11 and Fig. 13). We will now proceed
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